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Sonnet 18: Shall I Compare Thee to A Summer's Day--William Shakespeare (1564-1616)

Shall I Compare Thee to A Summer Day Substance pdf

The poet establishes a metaphor to compare his young friend to a summer's day. He observes that summer's beauty is not permanent. But his friend is more lovely. He is calmer and a lot more moderate. On the other hand, summer is very rough and hot. In summer violent winds shake the beautiful buds. Again, summer does not last long. Sometimes the summer's sun is very hot and its golden colour is often dimmed by clouds. The poet sees that every fair object of the earth loses its beauty and charm very soon. Nature's changing course or chance affects all beautiful objects of the earth. The poet is happy to declare that his friend's beauty will never be destroyed by the ravages of time. The young man will never lose possession of his physical beauty.Death can't spoil it. For, he will be ever living through the poet's verses. The poet has deep faith

in the power of his creation as he is confident that his friend whom he glorifies in his poetry will be immortal through it. For, the readers will ever appreciate this lovely sonnet which underlines the eternal beauty of the young man.

Shall I Compare Thee to A Summer Day Title pdf

'Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer's Day?' is sonnet no-18 of William Shakespeare. The poet had left all his sonnets unnamed. It happened so as to make one single sonnet stand

individually. The 154 sonnets were just on the way to form a group. So the poet did not bother about the title of a sonnet. But every poem when treated separately should have a title. So is the convention. Hence the present sonnet has got a title of its own. The first line of the sonnet is chosen as its title. Now we are to judge whether it has become appropriate. The main theme of the sonnet is the matchless beauty of a young man the poet loved passionately. The poet celebrates the man's superiority in the sonnet. Obviously comes the need of a comparison. And the poet seeks to compare him to a day of summer, the loveliest of all seasons. But in a bid to glorify the young man he finds that summer has its shortfalls. It is not permanent and its beauty is often marred by the changing course of nature. The poet clarifies his theme all by comparison. Summer' is the key-word of the poem. Summer has become synonymous to beauty. Hence the poet says that the young man possesses 'Eternal Summer' which will not fade. So the title is apt in every sense.

VSA TYPE QUESTION-ANSWERS

Answer the following questions in complete sentences

(1 mark each)

1. Which poem of Shakespeare is included in your syllabus?

Sonnet 18: Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer's Day' by Shakespeare is included in our syllabus.

2. Who composed the 'Sonnet 18: Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer's Day'

▸ William Shakespeare composed the, 'Sonnet 18: Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer's Day?'

18: Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer's Day?’

3.Which age did Shakespeare belong to?

» Shakespeare belonged to the great Elizabethan Age.

4. What is the very special technical quality of Shakespeare'ssonnet?

> The very special technical quality of Shakespeare's sonnet is the introduction of rhymed couplet at the end of the poem.

5. Which season is mentioned in 'Sonnet 18'?

▶ The season of summer is mentioned in 'Sonnet 18'

6. Whom does the poet praise in his 'Sonnet 18’?

▶ The poet praises his young friend in his 'Sonnet 18’.

7. "Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer's Day?"-Who is 'thee' referred to here?

»Here 'thee' refers to the poet's young friend.

With what does the poet compare his friend in 'Sonnet 18'?

» The poet compares his friend to a

summer's day in 'Sonnet 18'.

9 What are the qualities of summer?

Summer has beauty and calmness.

10. Who harms the flowers of summer? eat

Rough winds harm the flowers of summer.

12. 'And summer's lease hath all too short a date'-What is meant by summer's lease?

(WBCHSE Exam XIl 2016)

▸ By 'summer's lease', a short span of timesis meant.

13. What is the 'eye of heaven' in 'Sonnet 18'?

The 'eye of heaven' in 'Sonnet 18' means the sun

14. What is the complexion of summer?

>> The complexion of summer is golden.

15. How is the gold complexion of the sun dimmed?

Bad weather makes the gold complexion of the sun dimmed

16. Why does every fair object lose its fairness?

[ প্রতিটি সুন্দর বস্তু কীভাবে হারায় তার সৌন্দর্য ?

>> Every fair object loses its fairness due to chance or nature's neglect. [ অতর্কিত ঘটনা বা

প্রকৃতির অবহেলায় প্রতিটি সুন্দর বস্তু হারায় তার সৌন্দর্য।]

17. "And every fair from fair sometime declines." - What does the 'fair' mean here? [“আর প্রতিটি সুন্দর বস্তুর ম্লান হয় সৌন্দর্য।

এখানে ‘fair’ কথাটির অর্থ কী ?

> Here 'fair' is used twice. The first 'fair' means 'beauty' and thesecond 'fair' means ‘beautiful' object. [ এখানে ‘fair' কথাটি দু-বার ব্যবহৃত

26. "Nor shall death brag thou wand'rest in his shade." - Whom does 'thou' refer to here? ["মৃত্যু গর্ব করবে না যে তুমি তার ছায়ায় আশ্রয় নিয়েছ।"—'তুমি' বলতে কাকে বোঝানো হয়েছে ?]

>> Here 'thou' refers to the poet's young friend. [ এখানে 'তুমি' বলতে কবির তরুণ বন্ধুকে বোঝানো হয়েছে।]

18. Who gives summer a short-term lease? [

গ্রীষ্মকে অল্পক্ষণের জন্য স্থায়ী করে ?]

» Nature gives summer a short-term lease,

[ প্রকৃতি গ্রীষ্মকে স্বল্প সময়ের জন্য স্থায়ী করে।]

19. What makes the summer very hot? [গ্রীষ্মকীভাবে অতীব উত্তপ্ত হয় ?]

>> The hot sun makes summer very hot. [ প্রখর সূর্যে গ্রীষ্ম অত্যন্ত উত্তপ্ত হয়।]

20. Why is summer not permanent? [ গ্রীষ্ম চিরস্থায়ী নয় কেন ?]

▶ Summer is not permanent because its beauty is subjected to the cyclic changes of the seasons. [গ্রীষ্ম চিরস্থায়ী নয় কারণ ঋতুর চক্রাকার পরিবর্তনের শিকার হল গ্রীষ্মের সৌন্দর্য।

21. How is summer's lease taken away? [ গ্রীষ্মের স্থায়িত্বকাল কীভাবে ছিনিয়ে নেওয়া হয় ?]

Summer's lease is taken away by the cyclic change of season. [ গ্রীষ্মের স্থায়িত্বকাল ঋতুর চক্রাকার পরিবর্তনে স্বল্প হয়।]

22. Whose summer is eternal? [ কার গ্রীষ্ম অনন্ত ?]

▶ The summer of the poet's young friend iseternal. [ কবির তরুণ বন্ধুর সৌন্দর্য অনন্ত।]

23. What does the young friend of the poet possess? [ কবির তরুণ বন্ধু কী অধিকার করে আছেন ?]

▸ The poet's young friend possesses eternal beauty. [ কবির তরুণ বন্ধু অনন্ত সৌন্দর্যের অধিকারী।]

24. What does 'Sonnet 18' deal with ? ['Sonnet 18' কী বিষয়বস্তু নিয়ে রচিত ?]

>> 'Sonnet 18' deals with the eternal beauty of the poet's young friend. ['Sonnet 18’ কবির তরুণ বন্ধুর শাশ্বত সৌন্দর্য অবলম্বনে রচিত।]

25. What shall death not brag in Shakespeare's sonnet 18? [শেকসপিয়র-এর সনেট নং 18 তে মৃত্যু কেন গর্ব করে না ?]

(WBCHSE Exam XII 2015)

» Death shall not brag the beauty of his friend. [তাঁর (শেকসপিয়র) বন্ধুর সৌন্দর্যের মৃত্যু গর্ব করে না।]

সম্পর্কে

27. Where will the poet's friend grow? [ কোথায় কবির বন্ধু বেড়ে উঠবেন ?]

»The poet's friend will grow in the eternal lines of his sonnet. [ কবির বন্ধু কবির লেখা সনেটের শাশ্বত চরণগুলিতে বেড়ে উঠবেন।]

28. What give life to the poet's friend in Shakespeare's sonnet no 18? [শেকসপিয়র

এর সনেট নং 18 তে কবির বন্ধকে কী জীবন প্রদান

(WBCHSE Exam XII 2018) করে ?]

» The art of poetry that contains the beauty of the poet's friend, gives his life. [ কবিতার শিল্প, যা কবির বন্ধুর সৌন্দর্যের ধারক, তাকে জীবন দান করে।]

29. What will make the beatly of the young man eternal'? [ তরুণটির সৌন্দর্য কীসে অনন্ত হবে ?] (WBCHSE Exam XII 2015)

▶ The beauty of the young man will be made eternal by the sonnet. [ তরুণটির সৌন্দর্য

সনেটটির দ্বারা হবে অনন্ত।]

30. How long will the young man be remembered in Shakespeare's sonnet no 18? [ শেকসপিয়রের 18 নং সনেটে তরুণটিকে কতকাল স্মরণে রাখা হবে ?] (WBCHSE Exam XII 2018) The young man will be remembered so long as men canbreathe or eyes can see. [ মানুষ যতদিন বেঁচে থাকবে বা চোখে দেখবে ততদিন তরুণটিকে মনে রাখবে।]

31. 'Se long lives this'-What is referred to by the word 'this'? [‘এটি যতদিন বেঁচে থাকবে’ এটি’ শব্দ দ্বারা এখানে কী বোঝানো হয়েছে ?]WBCHSE Exam XII 2018)

»The word 'this' refers to Shakespeare's Sonnet 18 'এই' শব্দ দ্বারা শেকসপিয়র-এর সনেট নং 18